Means pok casting pipe



March 11, 1924.

J. R. M WANE MEANS FOR CASTING PIPE Filed Oct. 18, 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

IIIIIHIIIUHI HIMIIII INVENTOR AT'I'ORNEY March 11, 1924.

J. R. M WANE MEANS FOR CASTING PIPE Filed 001;. 18. 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 I I I JzmrRJfa%/ze,

INVENTO R,

WITNESSES E ATTORNEY March 11, 1924. 1,486,778

J. R. M WANE MEANS FOR CASTING PIPE- Filed Oct. 18. 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 J g-' m.

ATTORN EY Patented Mar. 11, 1924.

UNITED STATES JAMES R. MGWANE, OF BIRMINGHAM, ALABAMA.

MEANS FOR CASTING PIPE.

Application filed October 18, 1922.

To all about it may oonccm:

Be it known that I, iTAllIES R. hIGWANE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Birmingham, in the county of Jefferson and State of Alabama, have invented new and useful Improvements in Means for Casting Pipe, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to means for casting pipe or other similar elongated, hollow objects, and particularly to means for casting the same in a horizontal position.

The object is to provide a flask composed of the usual drag and cope sections and a core for cooperation therewith, which may be arranged in proper relation to each other on the surface of the foundry floor or elsewhere, while in a horizontal position, and in great numbers adjacent to each other, to receive the molten metal which may be quickly and expeditiously poured, thus eliminating expensive handling of the flasks and the elimination of the use of pipe pits which are expensive to construct and maintain and which are dangerous to the life and safety of the workmen.

Another object is to provide a flask and a core therefor, wherein means in the form of chaplets are employed to support the said core in exact concentric alinement with the mold in the flask, and so located as to prevent any sagging due to the weight of the relatively elongated core, or any floating or rising movement of the core in the mold when the metal is poured therein.

Another object is to provide guiding means in the form of brackets which may be easily and quickly attached to or detached from the ends of the drag section for guiding and directing both laterally and longitudinally the core into proper coacting relation to that part of the mold already formed in said section, to insure a uniform thickness of the poured metal.

A further object is to produce an integral ring or annulus on the pipe in sur rounding relation to each ch'aplet, which necessarily remains in the pipe, said annulus constituting a cup or receptacle adapted to receive and to retain a quantity of cement or other protective coating material eflectively covering the outer or exposed ends of the chaplets and to prevent corrosion of the same due to the chemical action of the soil surrounding the pipe, and thus preventing any leakage at the chaplets.

Serial No. 595,391.

A. full and complete understanding of the invention may he obtained from a consideration of the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, it being understood that while the drawings show a practical form of the invention, the latter is not to be confined to strict conformity with the showing thereof, but may be changed or modified, so long as such changes or modifications mark no material departure from the salient fea tures of the invention, as specifically pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings, in which similar reference characters designate corresponding parts throughout the several figures:

Figure 1 is a. transverse sectional view through one member or section of a double flask, and which may be assumed to be the drag section in position on the stripping plate of a molding machine, for the purpose or'.' ramming the sand to form the mold;

Figure 2 is a detail plan view of the left hand portion of the drag shown in Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a detail plan view of a portion of the pattern;

Figure 4: is avertical transverse sectional view, of the lefthand portion of Figure 1 and showing the pattern dropped free of the sand of the mold;

Figure 5 is a detail side elevation of Figure 1;

Figure 6 is an end elevation of the drag section inverted and in normal position, and having the improved guide bracket positioned thereon for guiding the core bar or bars into position with relation to the mold in the drag;

Figure 7 is a plan view of the subject matter of Figure 6;

Figure 8 is a side elevation of the same;

Figure 9 is a transverse sectional view through the complete flask, comprising the drag and cope sections, properly rammed with sand. and having the cores in position therein and supported by the improved means and ready for the pouring of molten metal;

Figure 10 is a detail plan View, partly broken away, of the core, and disclosing detachable means on the core bar or barrel, for engaging the chaplets;

Figure 11 is a transverse sectional view through the finished pipe and showing the ehaplets embedded therein and surrounded is located at an intermediate portion of the socket, and is adapted to be engaged by a tapered key or wedge 13, which is adapted to be introduced through alined slots or openings 1% formed in the opposed side walls of the socket. The key has its upper edge tapered, and the slots 14: have their lower ends somewhat below the shoulder 12, so that when the keys are forced into engagement with the walls of the socket, the said pins are correspondingly forced downwardly to engage with the buttons The postioning of these parts takes place when the drag is placed over the patterns and on the stripping plate, and prior to the introduction of the sand, and atter the latter has been sutiiciently rammed, the said patterns a are dropped or lowered through openings 15 in the stripping plate, as illust-rated in Figure at, when one-half of the mold 4 is formed in the sand, together with an annular channel 6 at the center thereof, the lower end of the pin 11 at its center coinciding with the arc of the mold, by rea son of the button 5 being countersunk into the face of the pattern, to permit said lower end of the pin to occupy this position, which latter, when the patterns are dropped, is held in position by the frictional engagement of the sand of the mold.

The drag section, after being thus formed, is removed from the machine and placed in inverted position on the casting floor, as shown in Figure 9 of the drawings, the pins or posts 11 together with wedges 13 remaining in position therein, and in multiple casting, a number of such drags are thus treated or prepared and placed consecutively on the floor.

The copes 2 are made in precisely the same manner as the drag sections, and the said pins and wedges are also left in position therein, but prior to assembling the two members together for the purpose of casting, the usual and necessary core is positioned over or within the drag in the following manner.

By reference to Figures 6 to 10 inclusive, it will be seen that the said cores consist of inner core bars or barrels 16, having the usual sand coating 17, whose outer surface is circular and corresponds with the inner diameter of the finished pipe, so that when the cores are placed in position within the portion et or the mold in the drag section, a space or mold proper is thereby formed equal to the thickness of the pipe, the ends of the said core being adapted to be supported by the sand in the end portions of the drag section in the usual manner, as the core bars or barrels where projecting beyond the sand coating 17 thereof, must not come into contact with the shell or casing of the drag. when the core is lowered into position, for this would subject the core to a jar or shaking that would dislodge the said sand coating 17. In order to prevent such metallic contact, the end wall of the drag section is cut away, as at 18 in Figure (3, so that the sand or" the core may rest directly on the sand within the said drag.

The core is provided at a central point with upper and lower lugs or projections 19, which have their side edges 20 undercut to "Form dove-tails, and the same are narrower at one end than at the other, as shown in Figure 10, the outer faces of the lugs being substantially one-half the thickness of the sand coating 17 and are adapted to receive rectangular blocks 21, whose outer faces are flush and continuous with the curved outer face of the sand coating 17, and whose inner faces are provided with tapering dovetailed seats 22, adapted to receive the aforesaid lugs 19 on the core bar and to be driven thereonto, there being space enough between the said lugs and the seats to receive a slip of paper, or some other inflammable material 23, to be later consumed by the heat of the poured molten metal and to permit the easy removal of the blocks from the lugs, in a manner to be explained. There is provided a block 21 for each post 11, and when the cores are placed in position with their ends properly supported, the blocks are located at the top and the bottom and opposite the opposed ends of said posts.

Prior to placing the cores in position, a small chaplet 24:, preferably formed of a threaded, round, steel rod is stood on end on the centers of the upstanding posts 11, contained within the lower or drag section of the mold. These chaplets are of a length equal to the desired thickness of the finished pipe, and are adapted to be engaged by the lower exposed faces of the blocks 21 when the cores are placed in position.

In lowering the cores. as has been stated, care must be taken not to jar the same, and in order to guide or direct the same into e1tact transverse and longitudinal alinenient with the portion 4, of the mold in the drag section, end guides or brackets 25 are employed, as shown in Figures 6, 7 and 8.

These guides consist of castings or forgings substantially equal in length to the width of the" drag section and somewhat higher than the same. Inwardly directed arms 26 formed integrally therewith. are adapted to override the ends of the drag, and are provided with depending pins 27 which fit within holes 28 provided in the side walls of said drag. At the bottom edge, the said drag is provided with an outstanding lug 29 which bears against the inner face of the bracket or guide and holds the same vertical as shown in Figure 8. The guides are provided with entrance openings 30 in its upper edge, which are in alinement with the desired position of the cores, and the upper ends of said entrance openings 30 are slightly tapered as at 31 to facilitate the entrance of the ends of the core bars or barrels. One end of said core, preferably the bell end, has its side faces cut away, as at 32 to provide flats for engaging the entrance openings and to prevent any turning action of the core, so that the blocks 21. will be forced to aline with the pins 11. By thus cutting away the side faces at the ends of the core bar, shoulders are formed which engage behind the guides or brackets and assure longitudinal placement of the core within the drag section.

After the cores are thus placed and guided into position, and the ends of the same are resting upon the sand at the ends of the drag section, another ehaplet 24. is stood on end at the center of the upper blocks 21, as before, and then the cope section, which has been formed in the same manner as the drag section is placed over the drag and the interposed cores, the ends of the pins 11 thereof resting on the up: per ends of the upper chaplets 24. To allow the upper pins 11 to adjust themselves to the upper chaplets, the upper wedges 13 are removed and the said pins are allowed to gravitate into contact therewith, after which the said wedges are replaced so as to prevent dislodgment by the action of the inrushing, molten metal, which is poured through the usual gate 33 {see Fig. 9) one or more of which may be employed, and which has the usual branches 3% connecting with each of the molds in a well known manner. In longer pipes more than one gate may be formed to be poured by a .multiple lip ladle which may contain sufficient metal to pour a large number of flasks arranged side by side and in rows.

The metal flows through the entire mold and surrounds the chaplets and enters the annular channels 6 formed in the sand of the mold. It will. be seen that the cores are substantially supported by metalto metal contact through the medium of the wedges 13, pins 11, chaplets 24:, bloclrs 21 and the core bar or barrel 16, so that all danger of the said. cores being either deiressed through gravity or floated by the incoming metal is eliminated. As the metal cools, the paper strips 23 are burned, thus providing a slight space between the blocks 21 and the lugs on the core bars, thus releasing the said blocks 21.

After the pipe is cooled sufiiciently, the cope is removed from the drag and the pipes, with the cores therein, are lifted from the drag section and carried to a convenient location where the core bars are removed or pulled therefrom, care being taken that the core bars are pulled in a direction towards the large ends of the tapered, dovetailed lugs 19, so that the latter may freely slide through the blocks 21, which action is facilitated by reason of the space left by the burnt paper or other material. The pulling of the core bars necessitates dragging the lugs 19 tl'irough the sand of the core, said sand coating adhering generally to the inside of the pipe, which is afterward shaken or arred to remove the sand, when the blocks 21 fall therefrom to be used over again as desired, after the core bars or barrels are recoated for the next pouring.

As illustrated in Figure 11, the chaplets remaining in the pipe, are surrounded at their outer ends by an annular flange, 6 formed integrally with the pipe and con forming to the shape of the channel 6 in the mold and adapted to receive cement or other material to cover up the exposed end of the chaplet, which may be hammered over or upset to close any possible opening prior to laying of the pipe and the insertion of said cement, The inner end of the chaplets are not subjected to the disintegrating effects from the inside of the pipe that the outer ends are, through the chemical actions of the soil in which the pipe line may be laid.

The recess within the annular flange 6 may be formed with an undercut or groove by making a small sand core 11 around the inner ends of each post 11, so as to act as a more positive retainer for the cement when the same is applied (see Fig. 13). The bloclrs and the core bars may be assembled either with or without the combustible material 23 depending on the diameter of the pipe being made and the consequent shrinkage in cooling, the larger the diameter the greater theshrinkage and the thicker the separating medium required. which is destroyed by the heat of the metal to facilitate the release of the blocks from the core bars. In constant use, the core bars may become somewhat warped or irregular, and in this event blocks 21 of different thicknesses may be employed in an obvious manner. It will be understood that any other combustible material may be employed in lieu of the paper, such, for instance, as wooden pegs, or glue, paste or varnish or other substance that will hold the blocks temporarily while the parts are being assembled, and which will release the same when subjected to the heat of the poured metal.

From the foregoing it will be seen that simple means have been provided for the casting of iron pipe in a horizontal position, thus effecting a great saving in time, labor and expense in this line of manufacture by the elimination of the pit, and that the clanger of disalinement of the core bars avoid 1 ,asenre ed by means of the chaplets, and that all possible leaks around the same may be pre vented by the provision or the cup for hold ing the cement.

What is claimed is 1. In means for casting pipe horizontally, a flask and core, means for supporting the intermediate portions of the cores in the flask, including a plurality of chaplets, said supporting means having metal-to-metal contact throughout the cope and drag sections and the core.

2. I11 means for casting pipe horizontally, a flask and core, said flask comprising cope and drag sections, removable, opposed pins mounted in the cope and drag and directed towards the core, removable blocks carried by the core in alinement with the pins, chaplets interposed between the inner ends of the pins and the said blocks and traversing the mold.

3. In means for casting pipe horizontally, a flask having an exterior socket, a pin passed through the socket and entering the flask, and a chaplet having one end engaged with the pin and the other end supported on the core, and means on the outside of the flask for locking the pin.

4. In means for casting pipe horizontally, a flask having an exterior socket, a pin passed through the socket and entering the flask, and a chaplet having one end engaged with the pin and the other end supported on the core, said pin having a shoulder located in the socket, and said socket having alined slots, and a key or wedge traversing the slots and bearing on said shoulder to prevent outward movement of the pin.

5. In means for casting pipes horizontally, a flask and pattern, the pattern having a seat, a button mounted in the seat, a pin mounted at its lower end in the button, and means for connecting the pin to the flask.

6. In means for casting pipes horizontally, a flask and pattern, the pattern having a seat with a hole leading therefrom, a button mounted in the seat and provided with a depending pin seated in the hole, a pin mounted at its lower end in the button, and means for connecting the pin to the flask.

7. In means for casting pipes horizontally, a flask and pattern, the pattern having a hole, a button having a pin seated in the hole, said button projecting beyond the pattern, and means carried by the flask 't'or holding the button in place while the sand is being rammed.

8. In means for casting pipes horizontally, a core barrel having lugs at diametrically opposite points, and removable contact blocks connected to the lugs and ex tending flush with the core coating.

9. In means for casting pipes horizontally, a core barrel having tapered lugs at diametrically opposite points, and removable contact blocks having tapered recesses connected to the lug and extending flush with the core coating.

10. In means for casting pipes horizontally, a core having one or more removable contact pieces extending through the core coating, chaplets bearing at their inner ends on said cont-act pieces, pins carried by the cope and drag sections and having their inner ends arranged opposite the contact ieces and adapted to bear on and support the outer ends of the chaplets.

11. In means for casting pipes horizontally, a core barrel having diametrically opposite lugs and removable means mounted on the lugs and having their outer faces substantially flush with the outer face of the core coating material.

12. In means for casting pipes horizontally, a core bar el having diametrically opposite lugs, removable blocks mounted on said lugs and separated therefrom by a space adapted to receive paper or other inflammable material for temporarily attaching the block to the lug and releasing the block from the lug when the same is subjected to the heat of the poured, molten metal.

13. In means for casting pipes horizontally, a core barrel having diametrically opposite lugs, removable blocks mounted on said lugs and separated therefrom by a space adapted to receive paper or other inflammable material for temporarily attaching the block to the lug and releasing the block from the lug when the same is subjected to the heat of the poured, molten metal, said inflammable material being of sufficient thickness to compensate when consumed for the shrinkage of the cooling pipe.

14. In means for casting pipes horizontally, a flask, a core, core guides at each end of the flask for guiding the core in position, and detachably interlocking means on the flask and core guides for connecting the guides and the flask.

15. In means for casting pipes horizontally, a flask, a core, means for guiding the core in position in the flask, said means being located at the ends of the flask, and means for supporting the guiding means on the flask consisting of pins in one part engaging holes in the other.

16. In means for casting pipes horizontally, a flask having means at one or both ends for engagement with core guides, said guides comprising plates having inwardly directed arms carrying coacting means for engagement with the means on the flask for detachably connecting the same.

17. A detachable core guide for use in connection with a flask for the horizontal casting of pipes or tubes, said guide com prising a plate arrz'n'iged transversely at the end of the flask and having an entrance opening in its upper edge, said opening being adapted to receive and to laterally guide the core bar, and means for detachably interlocking the guide with the flask.

18. A detachable core guide to? use in connection With a flask for the horizontal casting of pipes or tubes, said guide co1n prising a plate arranged transversely at the end of the flash end having an entrance opening in its upper edge, said opening provided With a flaring mouth adapted to receive and to laterally guide the core bar,

said core bar having flat faces to fit the en trance opening to prevent its rotation.

19. In means for casting pipes horizontally, a flask, a core, core guides at each end of the flask having inwardly directed arms at each end overhanging the flask, lugs on the flesh at the loottein and ceactin means on the flask and said arms tor connecting the parts together, consisting of pins in one pairt engaging holes in the other part.

In testimony, that 1 claim the foregoing j own, I have nerete alliXed my signatul'e.

JAMES H. lwiicvVANE. 

